However, beyond the personal spiritual anxiety this transactional view can induce, it also problematically distorts the Catholic sacramental system. Luckily, it would seem, a postmortem layover in purgatory could eventually provide the necessary soul cleansing. If he or she then forgets the unconfessed sin, believing it absolved, the stain of that sin remains on the soul indefinitely, thereby making impossible a direct ascent to heaven after death.
According to the electric company model of grace, if a person neglects to confess a significant sin, its stain remains and grace cannot refill the soul. This framework was particularly influential before Vatican II and continues to persist in the minds of many Catholics.įather James Keenan, writing about the anxieties of his own Catholic childhood, reveals the limits of this transactional model. Avoiding mortal sin is of paramount importance because such acts sap the soul’s supply of grace, thereby fracturing our relationship with God.įather Thomas O’Meara describes this way of thinking as “grace as the electric company.” Sacraments give us grace (the lights come on), we sin and lose grace (the lights go out), and sacramental confession and absolution cleanse sin and restore grace (the lights come on again). The souls of holy persons are filled by grace, these depictions suggest, while the souls of unrepentant sinners are so stained by sin that grace can find no home.įor those of us caught somewhere in the middle, venial sins diminish and sacraments increase our souls’ stores of grace. These transactional descriptions of grace tend to portray sin and grace as competing entities on the spiritual side of our existence. From this view, “receiving grace” through the sacraments may be interpreted as getting more grace, as if sacraments were transactions imparting a quantifiable spiritual good. Unfortunately, this popular conception of grace is sometimes misconstrued, presenting grace as a commodity rather than a reality experienced in our lives. It is received through the sacraments and makes our salvation possible. Religious education has taught generations of Catholics that grace is a free gift of God’s favor.
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